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Home » Raw Herbs » Others

Crocus sativus  

   

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Botanical Name

:

Crocus sativus

English Name

:

Saffron, saffron cress

Synonym(s)

:

Crocus officinalis Hudson., Crocus orsinii.Parl.

Family

:

Iridaceae

 

General Info

Description

A perennial herb with a solid, depressed, globular corm about an inch in diameter, giving off from its under surface several slender whitish roots, covered with a thin coating of several layers of fine longitudinal pale brown fibres, and producing on the top one or more buds. Leaves produced from the new bud, few, very closely placed, sessile, forming an erect tuft. Flowers 2 together, or solitary, appearing with the leaves and borne on a very short erect peduncle form a leaf axil, closely enveloped bya delicate membranous spathe which is bifid at the apex. Perianth very large, erect, monophyllous, regular, with a slender, delicate, cylindrical tube about 4 inches long and adherent to the ovary at the base, and 6 oblong-oval, blunt, concave segments, in two rows. The stamens 3, inserted in the mouth of the tube opposite the outer segments, anthers linear, longer than the filaments. Fruit not seen. Seeds numerous in each cell, sub-globose, with a fleshy testa and 6 small embryo in the axis of the fleshy endosperm.

Herb Effects

Abortifacient, anodyne, antispasmodic, aphrodisiac, appetizer, carminative, diaphoretic, emmenagogue, expectorant, narcotic, sedative, stimulant.

Links

Herb Information
Plants for a Future
Herbal Monograph

Chemistry

Active Ingredients

The glycosides, crocin and picocricin together with α- and β-carotene, lycopin, a crystalline hydrocarbon, safranal, myricetin, delphinidin, kaempferol, naphthalene, petunidin, pinene, quercetin, xanthophyll and zeaxanthin.

Chemistry of Active Ingredients
Product Categories

Name

CAS#

IUPAC Name

Formula

Structure

Product Categories
Crocin 8055-08-1 N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)e
thanamide
C8H9NO2 Click Here To Enlarge
Zeaxanthin Not Available 4-[18-(4-hydroxy-2,6
,6-trimethyl-1-cyclo
hexenyl)-3,7,12,16-t
etramethyl -octadec
a-1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15
,17-nonaenyl]-3,5,5-
trimethyl-cyclohex-3
-e n-1-ol
C40H56O2 Click Here To Enlarge
Safranal 116-26-7 2,6,6-trimethylcyclo
hexa-1,3-diene-1-car
baldehyde
C10H14O Click Here To Enlarge
Myricetin 529-44-2 3,4,5-trihydroxy-2-(
3,4,5-trihydroxyphen
yl)-chromen-7-one
C15H10O8 Click Here To Enlarge
Delphinidin 528-53-0 [3,7-dihydroxy-2-(3,
4,5-trihydroxyphenyl
)-chromen-5-ylidene]
oxonium ch loride
C15H11ClO7 Click Here To Enlarge
Kaempferol 80714-53-0 3-[3-[4,5-dihydroxy-
6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-
[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-
(hydroxyme thyl)oxa
n-2-yl]oxy-oxan-2-yl
]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6
-(hydroxymethyl)oxan
-2 -yl]oxy-4,5-dihy
droxy-2-(4-hydroxyph
enyl)-chromen-7-one
C33H40O21 Click Here To Enlarge
Naphthalene 91-20-3 Naphthalene C10H8 Click Here To Enlarge
Petunidin 1429-30-7 [2-(3,4-dihydroxy-5-
methoxy-phenyl)-3,7-
dihydroxy-chromen-5-
ylidene]ox onium
chloride
C16H13ClO7 Click Here To Enlarge
Quercetin Not Available 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphen
yl)-3,4,5-trihydroxy
-chromen-7-one
C15H10O7 Click Here To Enlarge
Xanthophyll 34445-91-5 4-[18-(4-hydroxy-2,6
,6-trimethyl-1-cyclo
hexenyl)-3,7,12,16-t
etramethyl -octadec
a-1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15
,17-nonaenyl]-3,5,5-
trimethyl-cyclohex-2
-e n-1-ol
C40H56O2 Click Here To Enlarge

Pharmacology

Medicinal Use

To treat chronic haemorrhages in the uterus of adults, to induce menstruation, treat period pains and calm indigestion, colic, in fevers, melancholia and enlargement of the liver. A dental analgesic is obtained from the stigmas.

Contraindication

Do not use when pregnant; large doses is narcotic

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